Families and Species of Vascular Plants of the Kuril Islands

Institute of Biology and Soil Sciences, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok

1. Family Hupertiaceae (1 genus, 4 species)

2. Family Lycopodiaceae (2 genera, 9 species)

Diphasiastrum complanatum, widely distributed
Lycopodium annotinum, widely distributed

3. Family Selaginellaceae (1 genus, 3 species)

Selaginella selaginoides, widely distributed

4. Family Isoetaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

Isoetes asiatica, Shumshu, Paramushir, Onekotan

5. Family Equisetaceae (1 genus, 8 species)

6. Family Ophioglossaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

Ophioglossum alaskanum, Shikotan, near hot springs; rare

7. Family Botrychiaceae (1 genus, 4 species)

Botrychium boreale, Shumashu, Paramushir, rare
Botrychium lunaria, widely distributed

8. Family Osmundaceae (2 genera, 2 species)

9. Family Hemionitidaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

Conicgramme intermedia, Kunashir, Shikotan, rare

10. Family Cryptogrammaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

Cryptogramma crispa, Kunashir, Shikotan, rare

11. Family Adiantaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

12. Family Plagiogyriaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

Plagiogyria matsumurana, Urup, Iturup, rare

13. Family Polypodiaceae (2 genera, 6 species)

Pleopeltis thunbergiana, Kunashir, rare

14. Family Hypolepidaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

15. Family Hymenophyllaceae (2 genera, 2 species)

Lacosteopsis orientalis, Iturup, rare
Mecodium wrigtii, Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan, Zeliony, rare

16. Family Aspleniaceae (2 genera, 2 species)

17. Family Aspidiaceae (4 genera, 10 species)

Leptorhumohra miqueliana, Kunashir, rare

18. Family Onocleaceae (2 genera, 3 species)

19. Family Athyriaceae (5 genera, 14 species)

Athyriopsis japonica, Kunashir, rare
Athyrium americanum, Shumshu, Paramushir
Athyrium filixfemina, widely distributed
Athyrium vidalii, Iturup, Kunashir
Athyrium yokoscense, Kunashir, Shikotan

20. Family Woodsiaceae (1 genus, 3 species)

21. Family Thlypteridaceae (4 genera, 4 species)

22. Family Blechnaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

Blechnum nipponicum, Iturup, Kunashir, rare

23. Family Pinaceae (4 genera, 6 species)

Ables sachalinensis, Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan
Picea ajanensis, Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan
Picea glehnii, Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan
Pinus pumila, everywhere except Atlasova and Shikotan

24. Family Cupressaceae (1 genus, 2 species)

Juniperus sargentii, southern Kurils

25. Family Taxaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

Taxus cuspidata, central and southern Kurils

26. Family Magnoliaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

Magnolia hypoleuca, Kunashir, rare

27. Family Schizandraceae (1 genus, 1 species)

Schizandra chinensi, Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan

28. Family Chloranthaceae (1 genus, 2 species)

Chloranthus serratus, Kunashir, rare

29. Family Aristolochiaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

30. Family Nymphaeceae (2 genera, 2 species)

31. Family Ceratophyllaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

32. Family Berberidaceae (2 genera, 2 species)

Caulophyllum robustum, Kunashir, rare
Diphyllea grayi, Iturup, Kunashir, rare

33. Family Ranunculaceae (20 genera, 72 species)

Aconitum kunasilense, Iturup, Kunashir; endemic
Aconitum maximum, widely distributed
Adonis ramosa, Kunashir, rare
Aquilegia flabellata, southern Kurils
Delphinium brachicentrum, Shumshu, Paramushir
Ranunculus enchshcholtzii, Paramushir
Ranunculus monophyluss, Shumshu, Paramushir
Ranunculus nivalis, Paramushir, rare
Ranunculus pygmaeus, Shumshu, Paramushir
Ranunculus sulphureus, Shumshu, Paramushir
Thalictrum alpinum, Shumshu, Paramushir, southern Kurils (?)

34. Family Papaveraceae (4 genera, 8 species)

Corydalis arctica, Paramushir, rare
Dicentra peregrina, Iturup, Kunashir
Papaver alboroseum, Atlasova, Paramushir, Onekotan

35. Family Daphniphyllaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

Daphniphyllum humile, Iturup, Kunashir, rare

36. Family Ulmaceae (2 genera, 3 species)

37. Family Moraceae (1 genus, 1 species)

38. Family Cannabaceae (2 genera, 2 species)

39. Family Urticaceae (4 genera, 5 species)

Boehmeria tricuspis, Kunashir, rare
Laportea bulbifera, Kunashir

40. Family Fagaceae (1 genus, 3 species)

Quercus dentata, Kunashir

41. Family Betulaceae (3 genera, 9 species)

Betula ermanii, widely distributed
Betula exilis, Atlasova, Shumshu, Paramushir; Onekotan, Shiashkotan?
Betula maximowicziana, Kunashir
Betula paramushirensis, Paramushir, endemic
Duschekia kamtschatica, widely distributed

42. Family Myricaceae Blume (1 genus, 1 species)

43. Family Juglandaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

Jyglans ailathifolia, Kunashir, rare

44. Family Portulacaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

45. Family Caryophyllaceae (14 genera, 34 species)

Arenaria merckioides, Iturup.
Cerastium aleuticum, Shumshu, Paramushir
Cerastium beeringianum, Paramushir
Dianthus repens, Urup
Gastrolychnis apetala, Paramushir
? Minuartia arctica, Iturup
? Minuartia minutiflora, Atlasova, Paramushir, Onekotan

46. Family Amaranthaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

47. Family Chenopodiaceae (4 genera, 9 species)

48. Family Polygonaceae (15 genera, 49 species)

Aconogonon ajanense, Iturup, Kunashir
Aconogonon pseudoajanense, Iturup, endemic
Aconogonon weyrichii, southern Kurils, widely distributed
Koenigia islandica, Shumshu, Paramushir
Reynoutra sachalinensis, southern Kurils, widely distributed
Rumex arcticus, Shumshu, Paramushir, rare
Rumex madajo, Kunashir

49. Family Plumbaginaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

Armeria maritima, Shumshu, Paramushir

50. Family Paeoniaceae (1 genus, 2 species)

Paeonia obovata, Kunashir, Shikotan
Paeonia oreogeton, Shikotan, rare

51. Family Clusiaceae (2 genera, 4 species)

Hypericum vezoense, Kunashir, Shikotan
Triadenum japonicum, Kunashir, rare

52. Family Violaceae (1 genus, 16 species)

53. Family Cucurbitaceae (2 genera, 2 species)

Gymnostemma pentaphyllum, Kunashir

54. Family Brassicaceae (20 genera, 33 species)

Cardamine bellidifolia, Paramushir
Cardamine schinziana, Kunashir
Draba hyperborea, Rasshua, Ushishir, Ketoi, Iturup
Eutrema japonicum, Kunashir
Parrya nudicaulis, Atlasova, Shumshu, Paramushir, Urup
Subularia aquatica, Shumshu, Paramushir, rare

55. Family Salcaceae (2 genera, 24 species)

Salix chamissonis, Shumshu, Paramushir
Salix kurilensis, common on the central and northern Kurils
Salix polaris, Shumshu, Paramushir
Salix udensis, widely distributed

56. Family Actinidiaceae (1 genus, 3 species)

Actinidia arguta, Kunashir, rare
Actinidia polygama, Kunashir, rare

57. Family Ericaceae (23 genera, 42 species)

Acterica nana, widely distributed
Eubotryoides grayana, Itrup, Kunashir, Shikotan, widely distributed
Gaultheria miqueliana, Paramushir (?), Ketoi, Simushir, Urup, Kunashir
Monotropastrum globosum, Kunashir
Phyllodoce aleutica, common on the central and northern Kurils
Rhododendron brachycarpum, Iturup, Kunashir
Rhododendron tschonoskii, Kunashir, rare

58. Family Empetraceae (1 genus, 2 species)

59. Family Diapensiaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

60. Family Primulaceae (7 genera, 13 species)

Cortusa sachalinensis, Shikotan, rare
Primula nutans, ?
Primula tschuktschorum, Shumshu, Paramushir

61. Family Malvaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

62. Family Tilliaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

Tillia maximowicziana, Kunashir, rare

63. Family Euphorbiaceae (2 genera, 2 species)

64. Family Ttymeliaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

65. Family Hydrangeaceae (2 genera, 3 species)

Hydrangea petiolaris, common on the southern Kurils
Schizophragma hydrangeoides, Kunashir

66. Family Saxifragaceae (3 genera, 21 species)

Saxifrage fortunei, Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan
Saxifrage hyperborea, Atlasova, Shumshu, Paramushir
Saxifrage idzurcei, widely distributed
Saxifrage sachalinensis, Kunashir, Shikotan

67. Family Crassulaceae (4 genera, 10 species)

Orostachys aggegata, Kunashir
Rhodiola isdidae, Iturup, Kunashir

68. Family Grossulariaceae (2 genera, 3 species)

69. Family Parnassiaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

70. Family Droseraceae (1 genus, 2 species)

71. Family Rosaceae (24 genera, 58 species)

Cerasus kurilensis, Urup, Iturup, Kunashir; widely distributed
Crataegus chlorosarca, Kunashir
Dryas ajanensis, Iturup, Shikotan
Filipendula kamtschatica, widely distributed
Malus Sachalinensis, Iturup, Kunashir
Micromeles alnifolia, Kunashir
Padus ssiori, Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan
Parageum calthifolium, widely distributed
Potentilla dickinsii, Kunashir, Shikotan
Potentilla megalantha, widely distributed
Potentilla prostrata, Shikotan
Potentilla vulcanicola, Atlasova, Paramushir
Pentaphylloides fruticosa, Shumshu, Paramushir, Kunashir, Shikotan
Rosa rugosa, widely distributed
Rubus mesogaeus, Kunashir
Rubus pedatus, Iturup, Kunashir
Rubus pseudojaponicus, Kunashir
? Rubus stellatus, Shumshu
Sanguisorba officinalis, Paramushir
Sorbus sambucifolia, widely distributed

72. Family Fabaceae (12 genera, 34 species)

Maackia amurensis, Shikotan
Astragalus alpinus, Paramushir
Astragalus frigidus, Shumshu, Paramushir
Astragalus japonicus, Urup, Iturup, Kunashir
Astragalus kawakamii, Iturup
Oxytropis exserta, Paramushir
Oxytropis kunashirensis, Kunashir, endemic
Oxytropis revoluta, Atlasova, Shumshu, Paramushir, widely distributed
Oxytropis hidakomontana (?), Shikotan
Oxytropis itona, Urup, endemic
Oxytropis rishiriensis (?), Iturup

73. Family Lythraceae (1 genus, 1 species)

74. Family Onagraceae (4 genera, 19 species)

Chamerion latifolium, Shumshu, Paramushir, Urup
Epilobium fauriei, Shimushir, Iturup, Kunashir

75. Family Haloragaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

76. Family Rutaceae (2 genera, 2 species)

Phellodendron sachalinse, Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan
Skimmia repens, Urup, Iturup, Kunashir

77. Family Anacardiaceae (1 genus, 2 species)

Rhus orientalis, southern Kurils
Rhus trichocarpa, southern Kurils

78. Family Aceraceae (1 genus, 4 species)

Acer japonicum, Kunashir
Acer tschononskii, Iturup

79. Family Oxalidaceae (2 genera, 3 species)

80. Family Geraniceae (2 genera, 6 species)

81. Family Balsaminaceae (1 genus, 3 species)

82. Family Cornaceae (2 genera, 3 species)

Bothhrocaryum controversum, Kunashir, rare

83. Family Araliaceae (2 genera, 3 species)

Aralia cordata, southern Kurils
Aralia elata, Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan
Kalopanax septemlobus, Iturup, Kunashir

84.Family Apiaceae (21 genera, 26 species)

Angelica ursina, Kunashir
Bupleurum triradiatum, Kunashir, Shikotan
Cryptotaenia japonica, Kunashir
Hydrocotyle ramiflora, Iturup, Kunashir
Sanicula chinensi, Kunashir

85. Family Aquifoliaceae (1 genus, 3 species)

Ilex crenata, southern Kurils
Ilex rugosa, everywhere, but rare on the northern Kurils
Ilex sugerokii, Iturup, Kunashir

86. Family Celastraceae (2 genera, 9 species)

Euonymus elata, Urup, Iturup, Kunashir
Euonymus oxyphylla, Kunashir
Euonymus sieboldiana, Iturup, Kunashir

87. Family Santalaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

88. Family Vitaceae (2 genera, 2 species)

Vitis cognetie, southern Kurils

89. Family Elaegnaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

90. Family Rubiaceae (3 genera, 11 species)

Mitchella undulata, Iturup, Urup

91. Family Asclepiadaceae (2 genera, 2 species)

Cynanchum caudatum, Kunashir, Shikotan
Metaplexis japonica, Kunashir

92. Family Gentiianaceae (5 genera, 10 species)

Gentiana glauca, Shumshu, Paramushir, Urup
Gentiana jamesii, Iturup
Gentiana nipponica, widely distributed
Tripterospeciesermum japonicum, Iturup, Urup

93. Family Menyanthaceae (2 genera, 2 species)

Fauria cristagalli, Iturup

94. Family Oleaceae (3 genera, 4 species)

Fraxinus lanuginosa, Kunashir
Ligustrum yezoense, Iturup, Kunashir

95. Family Caprifoliaceae (5 genera, 11 species)

Lonicera glehnii, Iturup, Kunashir
Viburnum furcatum, Urup, Iturup, Kunashir
Viburnum wrightii, Urup, Iturup, Kunashir
Weigela middendorffiana, everywhere, but rare on the northern Kurils (only Onekotan)

96. Family Adoxaceae (1 genus, 2 species)

Adoxa insularis, Kunashir

97. Family Valerianaceae (2 genera, 4 species)

Patrinia gibbosa, Kunashir

98. Family Convolvulaceae (2 genera, 4 species)

Calystegia soldanella, Urup, Iturup, Kunashir

99. Family Polemoniaceae (2 genera, 4 species)

Polemonium boreale, Shumshu, Paramushir, Onekotan

100. Family Boraginaceae (6 genera, 10 species)

Allocarya orientalis, Shumshu, Paramushir
Eritrichium villosum, Shumshu
Mertensia pterocarpa, Onekotan, Shiashkotan, Urup, Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan; endemic
Mertensia pubescens, Shumshu, Paramushir, Onekotan

101. Family Verbenaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

Phryma asiatica, Kunashir, rare

102. Family Lamiaceae (16 genera, 22 species)

Ajuga shikotanensis, Shikotan
Nepeta subsessilis, Kunashir, rare
Teucrium japonicum, Kunashir, rare
Thymus japonicus, Kunashir, rare

103. Family Callitrichaceae (1 genus, 2 species)

Callitriche hermafroditica, Shumshu, Iturup

104. Family Solanaceae (1 genus, 2 species)

Solanum megacarpum, Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan

105. Family Scrophulariaceae (12 genera, 35 species)

Mimulus inflatus, Kunashir, rare
Mimulus sessilifolius, Kunashir, rare
Pedicularis adunca, Shumshu, Paramushir
Pedicularis capitata, Shumshu, Paramushir
Pedicularis pallasii, northern Kurils
Pedicularis schistostegia, Atlasova (?), southern Kurils
Scrophullaria gryana, Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan
Veronica grandiflora, northern Kurils
Veronica schmidtiana, Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan

106. Family Orobanchaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

107. Family Plantaginaceae (1 genus, 5 species)

108. Family Lentibulaariceae (2 genera, 5 species)

Pinguicula villosa, Shikotan

109. Family Hippuridaceae (1 genus, 2 species)

110. Family Campanulaceae (5 genera, 9 species)

111. Family Asteraceae (53 genera, 127 species)

Artemisia borealis, Atlasova
Artemisia furcata, Shumshu, Paramushir
Artemisia glomerata, Atlasova, Paramushir, Onekotan
Artemisia japonica, Iturup, Kunashir
Artemisia unalaskensis, widely distributed
Carpesium triste, Kunashir
Cirsium charkeviczii, Kunashir, Shikotan; endemic (?)
Crepis hokkaidoensis, Iturup, Shikotan
Erigeron humilis, Paramushir
Erigeron peregrinus, Paramushir
Erigeron schikotanensis, Kunashir, Shikotan; endemic (?)
Ixeridium kurilense, Kunashir, endemic
Leontopodium kurilense, Iturup, Shikotan
Pterocypsela elata, Iturup, Kunashir
Saussurea fauriei, Kunashir, Shikotan
Saussurea kurilensis, Simushir, Urup, Iturup; endemic
Saussurea nuda, Atlasova, Shumshu, Paramushir
Saussurea oxyodonta, Shumshu, Paramushir
Saussurea riederi, widely distributed
Senecio cannabifolius, widely distributed
Senecio pseudoarnica, widely distributed
Tanacetum boreale, Urup (?)
Taraxacum camtchaticum, Shumshu
Taraxacum ketoense, Shumshu, Ketoi; endemic
Taraxacum kojimae, Paramushir, endemic
Taraxacum miyakei, Iturup
Taraxacum perlataescens, widely distributed
Taraxacum shikotanense, widely distributed
Taraxacum vulcanorum, Iturup, Kunashir. Endemic
Tephroseris kawakamii, Shikotan, rare

112. Family Alismataceae (1 genus, 1 species)

113. Family Scheuchzeriaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

114. Family Juncaginaceae (1 genus, 3 species)

115. Family Potamogetonaceae (1 genus, 13 species)

116. Family Zannichelliaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

Zannichellia repens, Shumshu, rare

117. Family Zosteraceae (2 genera, 5 species)

Phyllospeciesadix iwatensis, Simushir, Urup, Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan

118. Family Colchicaceae (3 genera, 5 species)

Metanarthecium luteoviride, Iturup, Kunashir
Tofieldia okuboi, Iturup

119. Family Liliaceae (7 genera, 12 species)

Cardiocrinum glehnii, Iturup, Kunashir
Erythronium japonicum, Urup, Kunashir
Gagea hiensis, Kunashir
Lilium debile, widely distributed
Lilium lancifolium, Kunashir, introduced
Lloidia triflora, Shumshu, Paramushir, Iturup

120. Family Alliaceae (1 genus, 4 species)

121. Family Hemerocallidaceae (1 genus, 2 species)

Hemerocalli syezoensis, Kunashir, rare

122. Family Agavaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

123. Family Aspeciesaragaceae (7 genera, 10 species)

Dispeciesorum sessile, Kunashir

124. Family Iridaceae (1 genus, 5 species)

Iris ensata, Kunashir

125. Family Trilliaceae (2 genera, 5 species)

Paris hexaphyllia, Kunashir
Trillium camschatcense, widely distributed

126. Family Dioscoreaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

Dioscorea batatas, Kunashir

127. Family Orchidaceae (27 genera, 42 species)

Amitostigma kinoshitae, Kunashir
Cefalantera longibracteata, Kunashir
Cremastra variabilis, Kunashir
Cypripedium macranthon, Shumshu, Ketoi, Simushir, Urup, Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan
Cremastra variabilis, Kunashir
Cyprypedium macranthon, Shumshu, Ketoi, Simushir, Urup, Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan
Dactylostalix ringens, Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan
Eleorchis japonica, Kunashir
Gastrodia elata, Iturup, Kunashir; rare
Hammarby apaludosa, Paramushir, Kunashir
Liparis kumokiri, Kunashir
Myrmechis japonica, Iturup, Kunashir; rare
Neottia asiatica, Kunashir, rare
Neotthianthe cucullata, Kunashir, Shikotan
Pogonia japonica, Kunashir, Shikotan
Tulotis ussuriensis, Iturup, rare

128. Family Juncaceae (2 genera, 34 species)

Juncus biglumis, Shumshu, Onekotan
Juncus yokoscensis, southern Kurils

129. Family Cyperaceae (10 genera, 127 species)

Carex capillaris, Shumshu, Paramushir
Carex dissitiflora, southern Kurils
Carex incisa, Kunashir, Shikotan
Carex insaniae, Kunashir, rare
Carex japonica, Kunashir
Carex livida, Shumshu, Paramushir, Onekotan, Ketoi, Iturup, Kunashir
Carex laxs, Shumshu, Paramushir, Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan; rare
Carex pluriflora, Paramushir, Onekotan
Carex williamsii, Paramushir; rare
Eleocharis margaritacea, Paramushir
Eriophorum scheuchzeri, Shumshu, Paramushir, Ketoi

130. Family Commelinaceae (1 genus, 1 species)

131. Family Eriocaulaceae (1 genus, 2 species)

132. Family Poaceae (45 genera, 145 species)

Agrostis alascana, Shumshu, Paramushir
Alopecurur steinegeri, Paramushir
Brachypodium kurilense, southern Kurils (?)
Calamagrostis deschampsioides, Paramushir
Calamagrostis litwinowii, Paramushir
Elymus kurilensis, Kunashir, Shikotan (?)
Elymus woroschilowii, Kunashir, Shikotan (?)
Festuca altaica, Paramushir
Festuca brevissima, Paramushir, rare
Glyceria ischyroneura, Iturup, Kunashir
Hierochloe pauciflora, Paramushir
Hordeum brachyantherum, Paramushir, Iturup
Leymus villosissimus, Atlasova, Simushir
Molinia japonica, Kunashir, Tanfileva
Neomolinia japonica, Kunashir (?)
Poa neosachalinensis, Iturup, Shikotan (?)
Poa pauciflora, Paramushir, Iturup
Poa platyantha, Atlasova, Paramushir, Urup, Shikotan (?)
Poa radula, central and southern Kurils
Poa shumushuensis, Shumshu, Paramushir
Poa sublanata, Atlasova, Shumshu, Onekotan
Poa trivialiformis, Paramushir, Onekotan
Poa turneri, Onekotan
Sasa kurilensis, central and southern Kurils

133. Family Typhaceae (2 genera, 6 species)

134. Family Araceae (5 genera, 6 species)

135. Family Lemnaceae (2 genera, 3 species)

REFERENCES

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BARKALOV, V. Yu. 1981. New and rare species of vascular plants from the islands of Shumshu and Paramushir. Bull. Main Bot. Gaden., 120: 37-41 [in Russian].

BARKALOV, V. Yu. 1981. Vascular plants of the islands of Shumshu and Paramushir (northern Kurils). Synopsis of thesis, Candidate of Biological Scienses. Tomsk, 1981 [in Russian].

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